Many high-performance airplanes feature retractable landing gear that allows them to fly at higher speeds thanks to the reduced drag (and they look cool too). There are new operational considerations to learn when transitioning to this type of airplane, including the best time to raise the gear after takeoff and lower the gear before landing.
Sporty’s is much more than a pilot shop. From the very beginning, our company was focused on teaching people how to fly. Today, our successful flight school has hundreds of students and is solely responsible for University of Cincinnati’s Professional Pilot Program. This experience matters because the vast amount of pilot supplies out there can be overwhelming, so students often look to us for advice on what you really need for flight training.
#1 Training Course
The best value in aviation today is Sporty’s Learn to Fly Course. It will give you all the knowledge you need to become a proficient aviator and help you ace your FAA tests. Home study is an essential part of your training and Sporty’s Learn to Fly Course will save you time and money. It works on all your devices, includes free lifetime updates, and it never expires so you can buy it once and use it for the rest of your flying career.
Home study is an essential part of your training and Sporty’s Learn to Fly Course will save you time and money.
#2 Headset
Airplanes are noisy. In order to communicate in the cockpit (and protect your hearing), you will need a headset. There are tons of different headsets to choose from. Many students start with a passive headset before stepping up to an active noise reduction (ANR) model later on, which are generally much quieter and more comfortable. Our advice: you get what you pay in aviation headsets, so stay away from really cheap models.
Here are our favorites:
David Clark H10-13.4: Classic, been around forever, will last 20 years, but a little tight on the clamping force. $350
FARO Stealth 2: A little large, but cancels a lot of noise and has Bluetooth. $249.95 for passive and $449.95 for active make these a good bang for the buck option.
Lightspeed Sierra: At $700, this entry level ANR headset is packed with many of the features you find on $1100 headsets.
Bose A30: If money isn’t a deciding factor, these things are amazing. They are extremely comfortable and super quiet.
In order to communicate in the cockpit (and protect your hearing), you will need a headset.
#3 Books
The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) publishes several textbooks that are often considered as required reading for student pilots. Many of these books can be found digitally as part of Sporty’s Pilot Training app. Click here to find the paper editions.
One of the many pre-flight tasks pilots perform on aircraft involves fuel, and it’s not just confirming you have enough for your flight and required reserve. Specifically, pilots need to inspect the fuel to make sure it’s the right type and that it is free from contaminants. That is where a fuel tester comes into play.
Pilots need to inspect the fuel to make sure it’s the right type.
Types of Fuel Testers
Fuel Sampler Cup—This simple, small, inexpensive fuel tester consists of a clear acrylic cup with a rod in the center. The size makes it easy to stow, but the size makes it less than ideal for aircraft with multiple sumps.
Sporty’s Fuel Tester—The most popular style of fuel tester is this longer model. It has a screwdriver at one end, which makes it convenient for opening a cowling during pre-flight. The center rod is removable to work with both types of drain valves.
GATS Jar—The GATS Jar has room for a lot of fuel and is often used with larger aircraft. The piece that is used to activate the fuel drain can be reversed so it can fit both types of valves. The GATS Jar incorporates a screen so you can pour sumped fuel back in your tank if so desired, while straining out debris.
Multi-Sump Fuel Tester—This is the fuel sample cup on steroids. The cup is mounted on top of a larger reservoir. Once the fuel in the top cup has been inspected, a simple push on the side of the cup dumps the contents in the larger reservoir. This allows the pilot to hit a bunch of sumps without needing to dump every time.
#5 Flashlight
Try to get a flashlight with both white and red light, since red preserves night vision.
Part of getting your private pilot license involves flying at night. While we all have a flashlight on our phone, it will be extremely difficult to use for preflight and in the cockpit. Try to get a flashlight with both white and red light, since red preserves night vision. Here are three of our favorites:
Flight Gear Flashlight—This light is perfect for the cockpit. It has independent buttons for both the red and white light, so you won’t have to ruin your night vision to find the red light setting. The side is printed with the FARs pertaining to night flighting, and a focusing head makes it easy to throw light up high on the tail of an aircraft.
Flight Outfitters HorizonHeadlamp—A headlamp puts the right type of light where you need it without tying up your hands. The white light has two levels, low and high, and a focusing ring takes it from a flood light to a spot light. The red light puts just the right amount in the cockpit without waking sleeping passengers.
Flight Gear Rechargeable Bite Light—Many pilots will put their flashlight in their month so they can use both hands in the cockpit. The Flight Gear Bite Light was specifically designed with a silicone ring on the back so you don’t have to munch on metal.
#6 Flight Bag
Flight bags are purpose built with pockets and features needed for pilots.
A student pilot generally has more gear during training and you’ll need a dedicated bag to store this gear. Flight bags are purpose built with pockets and features needed for pilots.
Crosswind Flight Gear Bag—The most popular student pilot bag has enough space for a headset and books, yet is small enough to not throw off your weight and balance. The most important feature students wanted: price. Put more cash towards flight training and less towards gear with the Crosswind Flight Gear Bag.
Flight Outfitters Lift 2.0 Bag—This sturdy bag has room for all the essentials, but won’t get in your way. Includes a large headset pocket, iPad pocket and multiple organizer sections with room for all your accessories. A helpful exterior pocket makes it easy to grab your backup radio in an emergency.
Flight Gear iPad Bag—The Flight Gear iPad Bag was specifically designed for the iPad pilot, with lots of pockets for organization and custom pockets for protecting important electronics. The smaller footprint is perfect for stowing on the floor between the front two seats of a Cessna. With a heavy duty carrying handle and padded, no-slip shoulder strap, the Flight Gear iPad Bag will stand up to the rigors of daily flight training.
#7 Logbook
You are required to keep a record of your training and flight time, which is done in a pilot logbook. These are the two most popular logbooks.
Sporty’s Flight Log and Record—Most pilots start with this logbook. Over 100 pages to fill with all of your training flights.
Senior Pilot’s Flight Log and Record—This is a larger logbook with more pages and columns. The Senior Pilot’s Flight Log and Record is normally used by professional pilots, who have more things to keep track of. Over 250 pages and 32 columns make keeping your records up to date.
#8 Charts
Much like learning to drive a car across the state, you will need to learn how to read maps for navigating. These maps will be filled with information and you will need to be able to comprehend them. There are generally two types of aviation charts: VFR (visual flight rules) and IFR (instrument flight rules). When you are starting out, you just need VFR charts.
VFR Charts—The United States is divided into sections and each of these sections is covered by a Sectional Chart. The Sectional Chart will be named after a larger city in that section.
Terminal Area Charts—Terminal Area charts take a small area of a sectional chart and make it larger. You’ll find Terminal Area charts around larger cities and congested airspace.
ForeFlight app—Most student pilots also train by using a navigational app, which has the ability to overlay charts (like Sectionals) on the screen. While these are approved for training, you may want to check with your instructor to make sure they are alright with you using electronics charts, as some flight schools want you to start with paper charts.
The ForeFlight app provides a wealth of aeronautical information on your iPad or iPhone.
#9 Kneeboard
Having a platform on your lap to take notes or hold charts/iPads will make it easier for you to focus on flying the aircraft.
During flight training, you’ll have a lot of information thrown at you. Having a platform on your lap to take notes or hold charts/iPads will make it easier for you to focus on flying the aircraft. Here are our three favorite kneeboards.
Classic Aluminum Kneeboard—This basic clipboard is perfect for holding a chart on your leg and is the most popular.
Flight Gear Tri-Fold Kneeboard—The Tri-Fold Kneeboard adds side flaps for additional organization and pockets for storing small items.
Flight Gear iPad Organizer Kneeboard—Perfect for using a tablet in flight, it adjusts to fit different models. The side flap has extra pockets for other gear.
#10 Flight Computer
You don’t have to have a PHD in math to be a pilot. While there are plenty of calculations involved, pilots use purpose built flight computers to figure crosswind components, time/distance equations, and a whole slew of aviation conversions. There are two types of calculators. Most student pilots choose the electronic version.
Manual E6B Flight Computer—These trusty, old whizwheel computers have been around since the 30s. While they are great because they require no batteries, they have a fairly steep learning curve. The most popular manual E6B is this aluminum one.
Electronic E6B Flight Computer—Sporty’s E6B takes the guesswork out of aviation calculations. The rugged design is easy to use and approved for use on FAA written exams.
https://media.flighttrainingcentral.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/18110710/top-10-pilot-gear-FTC-post.png10001250Doug Ranlyhttps://media.flighttrainingcentral.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/05155154/FTC-logo-horizontal-fianl.pngDoug Ranly2024-12-02 08:54:072024-11-05 14:11:40Top 10 student pilot gifts
Sporty’s recently released a major 2025 update to its online courses which blends cutting-edge Aviation Intelligence℠ (AI) tools, immersive video lessons, and integrated real-world flight simulation—all designed to make your learning experience faster, easier, and more engaging. Whether you’re preparing for your first solo or polishing up your skills, Sporty’s keeps you ahead of the curve with lifetime updates, exciting new features, and content that makes flying safe and fun.
AI: Aviation Intelligence
Sporty’s new AI features make the learning experience fun and more productive. Start a session with ChatDPE℠, a virtual pilot examiner, for interactive study sessions that simulate the experience of the oral exam portion of a Private Pilot practical test. You’ll be asked ten questions across all sections of the ACS, and your answers will be instantly critiqued for accuracy. If your answer is wrong or incomplete, you’ll learn more about the topic and be provided with feedback on how to better answer the question.
Pair ChatDPE with another new AI tool: ChatFAR℠. The Federal Aviation Regulations are complex by design, making them challenging for student pilots to navigate, but ChatFAR removes those barriers with a simple chat interface. Simply enter any question related to Private pilot operations or flight training, and our AI legal expert will explain the applicable regulations in plain English. In addition to the Learn to Fly Course, these AI features have been also added to Sporty’s Instrument Rating, and Commercial Pilot Training Course.
Infinite Flight Simulator Scenarios
A new partnership between Sporty’s and Infinite Flight brings together the best of both worlds—comprehensive aviation training and cutting-edge flight simulation. Now you can seamlessly transition from watching instructional videos to flying simulated maneuvers, all on your mobile device. With just a click, jump into a scenario and practice what you’ve learned, complete with immediate feedback on your performance. It’s like having a virtual instructor guiding you through each maneuver.
These scenarios are not merely about flying from point A to point B; they are built to challenge decision-making, situational awareness, and proficiency. By engaging with these scenarios, you’ll practice complex maneuvers and techniques under varied conditions, all of which are essential for building confidence and competence that translates into real-world flying. See it it action here.
New Interactive Pilot Scenarios
Sporty’s interactive scenarios go beyond video lessons, providing immediate feedback on your performance and allowing you to identify areas for improvement. By incorporating real-world challenges and practical exercises, you can deepen your understanding and sharpen your skills in key areas. New interactive scenarios for 2025 include: METAR interpretation, TAF analysis, weight and balance scenarios, takeoff distance calculations, and landing distance examples.
Test Prep Updates
The FAA continually updates the knowledge test with new questions and topics. Sporty’s has added dozens of new questions reflecting the latest changes across all of its training courses. Routine test prep updates are designed to ensure you’re fully prepared for the actual test, with no wasted effort studying outdated questions.
Free Lifetime Updates
If you are an existing Sporty’s Course user, these udpates area available now in your online course portal at Sportys.com/MyCourses. If you wish to explore these new features futher, visit Sportys.com/courses.
https://media.flighttrainingcentral.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/19104609/2025-course-update-post-FTC.png10001250Flight Training Central Staffhttps://media.flighttrainingcentral.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/05155154/FTC-logo-horizontal-fianl.pngFlight Training Central Staff2024-11-29 08:55:212024-11-19 10:46:52Sporty’s 2025 Course Update Includes Aviation Intelligence
One of the most rewarding trips you can take after earning your pilot certificate is leaving the U.S. and heading to new destinations in Canada, Mexico or the Caribbean. This week’s video tip takes a look at what it takes to fly internationally, including flight planning, extra equipment requirements and how to file the required eAPIS paperwork with U.S. Customs and Border Protection.
Sporty’s recently released its November written test question update in its 2025 Learn to Fly Course test preparation module. While the FAA does not publish actual test questions, representative test questions are available, and new questions released by Sporty’s represent emphasis areas which you will likely enounter on the test.
https://media.flighttrainingcentral.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/18124452/NOVEMBER-test-question-update.png10001250Flight Training Central Staffhttps://media.flighttrainingcentral.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/05155154/FTC-logo-horizontal-fianl.pngFlight Training Central Staff2024-11-25 08:55:042024-11-19 13:03:51November 2024 test question update from Sporty’s
Supplemental oxygen is used to prevent hypoxia during flying.
Supplemental oxygen is used to prevent hypoxia during flying. Reduced atmospheric pressure means less oxygen in your lungs and less oxygen in your tissue. Symptoms of hypoxia are cyanosis (a blue tint to the tissue around the tips of your extremities and lips), tingling or numbness in the extremities, and a feeling of euphoria. As hypoxia progresses you become sleepy
If not corrected it will lead to unconsciousness and death.
FAR 91.211 (supplemental oxygen) provides oxygen use requirements including the altitudes at which pilots must use supplemental oxygen and provide oxygen for passengers. Oxygen is also recommended when flying at night at above 5000 feet (see this post on the oxygen use requirements at Sportys.com/blog.)
Pilots can monitor their oxygen saturation, or SPO2, which is the percentage of oxygen their blood cells are carrying, via a pulse oximeter. Normal oxygen saturation is 96% or higher when breathing the air on the ground. This saturation number will decrease as altitude increases due to the atmosphere becoming less dense the higher we fly.
Our atmosphere is made up of 21% oxygen and 78% nitrogen; the remaining 1% is small amounts of different gases.
The most common way to deliver oxygen is from an installed system or a portable system. Both systems consist of a tank, a regulator (controls the flow), and either a mask or nasal cannula that the pilot and passengers wear. Oxygen cannulas are not approved for use above 18,000 feet. Above this altitude, you must wear a mask. Some systems also include a directional flow indicator to indicate that oxygen is moving from the tank to the mask or cannula.
The most common way to deliver oxygen is from an installed system or a portable system.
All oxygen is not the same.
There are three grades of oxygen: medical oxygen, aviator oxygen, and industrial oxygen.
Medical and aviator oxygen is 99.5% pure, and industrial, or welders oxygen, is 99.2% pure. The biggest difference between medical and aviator oxygen is the moisture content. Medical oxygen can contain 67 ppm of moisture. Industrial oxygen can contain 50 ppm of moisture. Aviation oxygen can contain 7 ppm of moisture—this is very dry oxygen as moisture in an oxygen system can freeze at altitude and prevent the system from working correctly. Another difference is that medical oxygen typically requires a prescription from a physician.
The last grade is industrial oxygen which is used for welding purposes. This grade of oxygen typically has a high percentage of moisture and is not filtered for very small particulates and is not as pure.
You should always ensure that you are using aviator oxygen when flying. Use of other grades can lead to hypoxia.
https://media.flighttrainingcentral.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/22122706/oxygen-basics.png10001250Eric Carnahanhttps://media.flighttrainingcentral.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/05155154/FTC-logo-horizontal-fianl.pngEric Carnahan2024-11-22 08:55:322024-11-22 12:27:16Oxygen basics for pilots
Video tip: Flying airplanes with retractable landing gear
/in Video Tips/by Bret KoebbeMany high-performance airplanes feature retractable landing gear that allows them to fly at higher speeds thanks to the reduced drag (and they look cool too). There are new operational considerations to learn when transitioning to this type of airplane, including the best time to raise the gear after takeoff and lower the gear before landing.
The video clip below is from Sporty’s 2025 Learn to Fly Course
Top 10 student pilot gifts
/in Pilot Gear/by Doug RanlySporty’s is much more than a pilot shop. From the very beginning, our company was focused on teaching people how to fly. Today, our successful flight school has hundreds of students and is solely responsible for University of Cincinnati’s Professional Pilot Program. This experience matters because the vast amount of pilot supplies out there can be overwhelming, so students often look to us for advice on what you really need for flight training.
#1 Training Course
The best value in aviation today is Sporty’s Learn to Fly Course. It will give you all the knowledge you need to become a proficient aviator and help you ace your FAA tests. Home study is an essential part of your training and Sporty’s Learn to Fly Course will save you time and money. It works on all your devices, includes free lifetime updates, and it never expires so you can buy it once and use it for the rest of your flying career.
Home study is an essential part of your training and Sporty’s Learn to Fly Course will save you time and money.
#2 Headset
Airplanes are noisy. In order to communicate in the cockpit (and protect your hearing), you will need a headset. There are tons of different headsets to choose from. Many students start with a passive headset before stepping up to an active noise reduction (ANR) model later on, which are generally much quieter and more comfortable. Our advice: you get what you pay in aviation headsets, so stay away from really cheap models.
Here are our favorites:
In order to communicate in the cockpit (and protect your hearing), you will need a headset.
#3 Books
The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) publishes several textbooks that are often considered as required reading for student pilots. Many of these books can be found digitally as part of Sporty’s Pilot Training app. Click here to find the paper editions.
#4 Fuel Tester
One of the many pre-flight tasks pilots perform on aircraft involves fuel, and it’s not just confirming you have enough for your flight and required reserve. Specifically, pilots need to inspect the fuel to make sure it’s the right type and that it is free from contaminants. That is where a fuel tester comes into play.
Pilots need to inspect the fuel to make sure it’s the right type.
Types of Fuel Testers
#5 Flashlight
Try to get a flashlight with both white and red light, since red preserves night vision.
Part of getting your private pilot license involves flying at night. While we all have a flashlight on our phone, it will be extremely difficult to use for preflight and in the cockpit. Try to get a flashlight with both white and red light, since red preserves night vision. Here are three of our favorites:
#6 Flight Bag
Flight bags are purpose built with pockets and features needed for pilots.
A student pilot generally has more gear during training and you’ll need a dedicated bag to store this gear. Flight bags are purpose built with pockets and features needed for pilots.
#7 Logbook
You are required to keep a record of your training and flight time, which is done in a pilot logbook. These are the two most popular logbooks.
#8 Charts
Much like learning to drive a car across the state, you will need to learn how to read maps for navigating. These maps will be filled with information and you will need to be able to comprehend them. There are generally two types of aviation charts: VFR (visual flight rules) and IFR (instrument flight rules). When you are starting out, you just need VFR charts.
The ForeFlight app provides a wealth of aeronautical information on your iPad or iPhone.
#9 Kneeboard
Having a platform on your lap to take notes or hold charts/iPads will make it easier for you to focus on flying the aircraft.
During flight training, you’ll have a lot of information thrown at you. Having a platform on your lap to take notes or hold charts/iPads will make it easier for you to focus on flying the aircraft. Here are our three favorite kneeboards.
#10 Flight Computer
You don’t have to have a PHD in math to be a pilot. While there are plenty of calculations involved, pilots use purpose built flight computers to figure crosswind components, time/distance equations, and a whole slew of aviation conversions. There are two types of calculators. Most student pilots choose the electronic version.
Sporty’s 2025 Course Update Includes Aviation Intelligence
/in News/by Flight Training Central StaffSporty’s recently released a major 2025 update to its online courses which blends cutting-edge Aviation Intelligence℠ (AI) tools, immersive video lessons, and integrated real-world flight simulation—all designed to make your learning experience faster, easier, and more engaging. Whether you’re preparing for your first solo or polishing up your skills, Sporty’s keeps you ahead of the curve with lifetime updates, exciting new features, and content that makes flying safe and fun.
AI: Aviation Intelligence
Sporty’s new AI features make the learning experience fun and more productive. Start a session with ChatDPE℠, a virtual pilot examiner, for interactive study sessions that simulate the experience of the oral exam portion of a Private Pilot practical test. You’ll be asked ten questions across all sections of the ACS, and your answers will be instantly critiqued for accuracy. If your answer is wrong or incomplete, you’ll learn more about the topic and be provided with feedback on how to better answer the question.
Pair ChatDPE with another new AI tool: ChatFAR℠. The Federal Aviation Regulations are complex by design, making them challenging for student pilots to navigate, but ChatFAR removes those barriers with a simple chat interface. Simply enter any question related to Private pilot operations or flight training, and our AI legal expert will explain the applicable regulations in plain English. In addition to the Learn to Fly Course, these AI features have been also added to Sporty’s Instrument Rating, and Commercial Pilot Training Course.
Infinite Flight Simulator Scenarios
A new partnership between Sporty’s and Infinite Flight brings together the best of both worlds—comprehensive aviation training and cutting-edge flight simulation. Now you can seamlessly transition from watching instructional videos to flying simulated maneuvers, all on your mobile device. With just a click, jump into a scenario and practice what you’ve learned, complete with immediate feedback on your performance. It’s like having a virtual instructor guiding you through each maneuver.
These scenarios are not merely about flying from point A to point B; they are built to challenge decision-making, situational awareness, and proficiency. By engaging with these scenarios, you’ll practice complex maneuvers and techniques under varied conditions, all of which are essential for building confidence and competence that translates into real-world flying. See it it action here.
New Interactive Pilot Scenarios
Sporty’s interactive scenarios go beyond video lessons, providing immediate feedback on your performance and allowing you to identify areas for improvement. By incorporating real-world challenges and practical exercises, you can deepen your understanding and sharpen your skills in key areas. New interactive scenarios for 2025 include: METAR interpretation, TAF analysis, weight and balance scenarios, takeoff distance calculations, and landing distance examples.
Test Prep Updates
The FAA continually updates the knowledge test with new questions and topics. Sporty’s has added dozens of new questions reflecting the latest changes across all of its training courses. Routine test prep updates are designed to ensure you’re fully prepared for the actual test, with no wasted effort studying outdated questions.
Free Lifetime Updates
If you are an existing Sporty’s Course user, these udpates area available now in your online course portal at Sportys.com/MyCourses. If you wish to explore these new features futher, visit Sportys.com/courses.
Video tip: Flying internationally (FARs, flight planning, eAPIS and US Customs)
/in Video Tips/by Bret KoebbeOne of the most rewarding trips you can take after earning your pilot certificate is leaving the U.S. and heading to new destinations in Canada, Mexico or the Caribbean. This week’s video tip takes a look at what it takes to fly internationally, including flight planning, extra equipment requirements and how to file the required eAPIS paperwork with U.S. Customs and Border Protection.
This segment appears in Sporty’s Commercial Pilot Training course, which features over 13 hours of HD video training and VR/360 flight maneuvers.
November 2024 test question update from Sporty’s
/in News, Quiz, Test questions, Tips and technique/by Flight Training Central StaffSporty’s recently released its November written test question update in its 2025 Learn to Fly Course test preparation module. While the FAA does not publish actual test questions, representative test questions are available, and new questions released by Sporty’s represent emphasis areas which you will likely enounter on the test.
The FAA continues to add new questions based on guidance from the Private Pilot Airman Certification Standards. Read the complete November 2024 update here.
The June test question update is available here.
The March test question update is availaalbe here.
The January test question update is available here.
And test your knowledge now by taking this quiz, sampling the new questions just released.
Share the quiz to show your results !
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Oxygen basics for pilots
/in Tips and technique/by Eric CarnahanDid you know that not all oxygen is the same?
Supplemental oxygen is used to prevent hypoxia during flying.
Supplemental oxygen is used to prevent hypoxia during flying. Reduced atmospheric pressure means less oxygen in your lungs and less oxygen in your tissue. Symptoms of hypoxia are cyanosis (a blue tint to the tissue around the tips of your extremities and lips), tingling or numbness in the extremities, and a feeling of euphoria. As hypoxia progresses you become sleepy
If not corrected it will lead to unconsciousness and death.
FAR 91.211 (supplemental oxygen) provides oxygen use requirements including the altitudes at which pilots must use supplemental oxygen and provide oxygen for passengers. Oxygen is also recommended when flying at night at above 5000 feet (see this post on the oxygen use requirements at Sportys.com/blog.)
Pilots can monitor their oxygen saturation, or SPO2, which is the percentage of oxygen their blood cells are carrying, via a pulse oximeter. Normal oxygen saturation is 96% or higher when breathing the air on the ground. This saturation number will decrease as altitude increases due to the atmosphere becoming less dense the higher we fly.
Our atmosphere is made up of 21% oxygen and 78% nitrogen; the remaining 1% is small amounts of different gases.
The most common way to deliver oxygen is from an installed system or a portable system. Both systems consist of a tank, a regulator (controls the flow), and either a mask or nasal cannula that the pilot and passengers wear. Oxygen cannulas are not approved for use above 18,000 feet. Above this altitude, you must wear a mask. Some systems also include a directional flow indicator to indicate that oxygen is moving from the tank to the mask or cannula.
The most common way to deliver oxygen is from an installed system or a portable system.
All oxygen is not the same.
There are three grades of oxygen: medical oxygen, aviator oxygen, and industrial oxygen.
Medical and aviator oxygen is 99.5% pure, and industrial, or welders oxygen, is 99.2% pure. The biggest difference between medical and aviator oxygen is the moisture content. Medical oxygen can contain 67 ppm of moisture. Industrial oxygen can contain 50 ppm of moisture. Aviation oxygen can contain 7 ppm of moisture—this is very dry oxygen as moisture in an oxygen system can freeze at altitude and prevent the system from working correctly. Another difference is that medical oxygen typically requires a prescription from a physician.
The last grade is industrial oxygen which is used for welding purposes. This grade of oxygen typically has a high percentage of moisture and is not filtered for very small particulates and is not as pure.
You should always ensure that you are using aviator oxygen when flying. Use of other grades can lead to hypoxia.